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1 telegraph service
Англо-русский словарь промышленной и научной лексики > telegraph service
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2 Armed Forces radio and telegraph service
Engineering: AFRTSУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Armed Forces radio and telegraph service
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3 general telegraph service
Англо-русский словарь промышленной и научной лексики > general telegraph service
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4 public telegraph service
телеграфная служба общего пользования (телеграфная служба, предоставляемая населению для передачи телеграмм и их доставки адресату)Англо-русский словарь промышленной и научной лексики > public telegraph service
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5 telegrafvæsen
telegraph service. -
6 телеграфная служба
Russian-English dictionary of railway terminology > телеграфная служба
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7 телеграфная служба
телеграфная служба
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[Л.Г.Суменко. Англо-русский словарь по информационным технологиям. М.: ГП ЦНИИС, 2003.]Тематики
EN
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > телеграфная служба
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8 Пульт телеграфных служебных переговоров
30. Пульт телеграфных служебных переговоров
ПТСП
Telegraph service conversation console
Устройство, обеспечивающее проведение телеграфных переговоров эксплуатационного персонала коммутационной телеграфной станции с персоналом оконечной установки или другой коммутационной телеграфной станции по телеграфным связям
Источник: ГОСТ 23150-78: Коммутация каналов и коммутация сообщений в телеграфной связи. Термины и определения оригинал документа
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Пульт телеграфных служебных переговоров
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9 абонентский
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10 телеграф
телегра́ф м.1. ( вид связи) telegraph service2. ( предприятие связи) telegraph officeабоне́нтский телегра́ф — switched telegraph (service), (tele)printer exchange system, (tele)printer exchange serviceабоне́нтский телегра́ф автомати́ческой систе́мы [АТА] — automatic (tele)printer exchange system, automatic switched telegraph serviceабоне́нтский телегра́ф ручно́й систе́мы [АТР] — manually operated (tele)printer exchange systemмаши́нный телегра́ф мор. — engine(-room) telegraphрулево́й телегра́ф мор. — steering telegraphтона́льный телегра́ф — voice-frequency telegraphшварто́вый телегра́ф мор. — docking telegraph* * * -
11 Baudot, Jean-Maurice-Emile
[br]b. 11 September 1845 Magneux, Franced. 28 March 1903 Sceaux, France[br]French engineer who developed the multiplexed telegraph and devised a 5-bit code for data communication and control.[br]Baudot had no formal education beyond his local primary school and began his working life as a farmer, as was his father. However, in September 1869 he joined the French telegraph service and was soon sent on a course on the recently developed Hughes printing telegraph. After service in the Franco-Prussian war as a lieutenant with the military telegraph, he returned to his civilian duties in Paris in 1872. He was there encouraged to develop (in his own time!) a multiple Hughes system for time-multiplexing of several telegraph messages. By using synchronized clockwork-driven rotating switches at the transmitter and receiver he was able to transmit five messages simultaneously; the system was officially adopted by the French Post \& Telegraph Administration five years later. In 1874 he patented the idea of a 5-bit (i.e. 32-permutation) code, with equal on and off intervals, for telegraph transmission of the Roman alphabet and punctuation signs and for control of the typewriter-like teleprinter used to display the message. This code, known as the Baudot code, was found to be more economical than the existing Morse code and was widely adopted for national and international telegraphy in the twentieth century. In the 1970s it was superseded by 7—and 8-bit codes.Further development of his ideas on multiplexing led in 1894 to methods suitable for high-speed telegraphy. To commemorate his contribution to efficient telegraphy, the unit of signalling speed (i.e. the number of elements transmitted per second) is known as the baud.[br]Bibliography17 June 1874, "Système de télégraphie rapide" (Baudot's first patent).Further Reading1965, From Semaphore to Satellite, Geneva: International Telecommunications Union.P.Lajarrige, 1982, "Chroniques téléphoniques et télégraphiques", Collection historique des télécommunications.KFBiographical history of technology > Baudot, Jean-Maurice-Emile
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12 Morse, Samuel Finley Breeze
SUBJECT AREA: Telecommunications[br]b. 27 April 1791 Charlestown, Massachusetts, USAd. 2 April 1872 New York City, New York, USA[br]American portrait painter and inventor, b est known for his invention of the telegraph and so-called Morse code.[br]Following early education at Phillips Academy, Andover, at the age of 14 years Morse went to Yale College, where he developed interests in painting and electricity. Upon graduating in 1810 he became a clerk to a Washington publisher and a pupil of Washington Allston, a well-known American painter. The following year he travelled to Europe and entered the London studio of another American artist, Benjamin West, successfully exhibiting at the Royal Academy as well as winning a prize and medal for his sculpture. Returning to Boston and finding little success as a "historical-style" painter, he built up a thriving portrait business, moving in 1818 to Charleston, South Carolina, where three years later he established the (now defunct) South Carolina Academy of Fine Arts. In 1825 he was back in New York, but following the death of his wife and both of his parents that year, he embarked on an extended tour of European art galleries. In 1832, on the boat back to America, he met Charles T.Jackson, who told him of the discovery of the electromagnet and fired his interest in telegraphy to the extent that Morse immediately began to make suggestions for electrical communications and, apparently, devised a form of printing telegraph. Although he returned to his painting and in 1835 was appointed the first Professor of the Literature of Art and Design at the University of New York City, he began to spend more and more time experimenting in telegraphy. In 1836 he invented a relay as a means of extending the cable distance over which telegraph signals could be sent. At this time he became acquainted with Alfred Vail, and the following year, when the US government published the requirements for a national telegraph service, they set out to produce a workable system, with finance provided by Vail's father (who, usefully, owned an ironworks). A patent was filed on 6 October 1837 and a successful demonstration using the so-called Morse code was given on 6 January 1838; the work was, in fact, almost certainly largely that of Vail. As a result of the demonstration a Bill was put forward to Congress for $30,000 for an experimental line between Washington and Baltimore. This was eventually passed and the line was completed, and on 24 May 1844 the first message, "What hath God wrought", was sent between the two cities. In the meantime Morse also worked on the insulation of submarine cables by means of pitch tar and indiarubber.With success achieved, Morse offered his invention to the Government for $100,000, but this was declined, so the invention remained in private hands. To exploit it, Morse founded the Magnetic Telephone Company in 1845, amalgamating the following year with the telegraph company of a Henry O'Reilly to form Western Union. Having failed to obtain patents in Europe, he now found himself in litigation with others in the USA, but eventually, in 1854, the US Supreme Court decided in his favour and he soon became very wealthy. In 1857 a proposal was made for a telegraph service across the whole of the USA; this was completed in just over four months in 1861. Four years later work began on a link to Europe via Canada, Alaska, the Aleutian Islands and Russia, but it was abandoned with the completion of the transatlantic cable, a venture in which he also had some involvement. Showered with honours, Morse became a generous philanthropist in his later years. By 1883 the company he had created was worth $80 million and had a virtual monopoly in the USA.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsLLD, Yale 1846. Fellow of the Academy of Arts and Sciences 1849. Celebratory Banquet, New York, 1869. Statue in New York Central Park 1871. Austrian Gold Medal of Scientific Merit. Danish Knight of the Danneborg. French Légion d'honneur. Italian Knight of St Lazaro and Mauritio. Portuguese Knight of the Tower and Sword. Turkish Order of Glory.BibliographyE.L.Morse (ed.), 1975, Letters and Journals, New York: Da Capo Press (facsimile of a 1914 edition).Further ReadingJ.Munro, 1891, Heroes of the Telegraph (discusses his telegraphic work and its context).C.Mabee, 1943, The American Leonardo: A Life of Samuel Morse; reprinted 1969 (a detailed biography).KFBiographical history of technology > Morse, Samuel Finley Breeze
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13 абонентский телеграф
1) Engineering: switched telegraph service, teleprinter exchange system, telex service2) Telecommunications: dial telegraph3) Makarov: printer exchange service, printer exchange system, switched telegraph (service), teleprinter exchange serviceУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > абонентский телеграф
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14 телеграф
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15 телеграф
1) General subject: telecommunication, telegraph, wire2) Naval: telephone3) Engineering: telegraph office (предприятие связи), telegraph service4) Makarov: telegraph service (вид связи) -
16 Telegrafenagentur
Telegrafenagentur
dispatch agency;
• Telegrafenamt telegraph office;
• Telegrafenarbeiter [telegraph] wireman, [telegraph] lineman;
• Telegrafenbeamter telegraph operator, (am Schalter) telegraph clerk;
• Telegrafenbote telegraph messenger (boy, Br.);
• Telegrafenbüro dispatch agency;
• Telegrafendienst [der Wirtschaft] [commercial] telegraph service;
• Telegrafengesellschaft cable company;
• Telegrafenlinie telegraph line;
• Telegrafennetz wire, telegraph system. -
17 Telegramm
Telegramm n KOMM cable, (frml) cablegram, telegram, telemessage, TMESS* * ** * *Telegramm
telegram, message, wire (coll.), dispatch, (Kabel) cable[gram];
• vom Empfänger bezahltes Telegramm telegram sent collect (US);
• chiffriertes Telegramm cipher (code) telegram;
• dringendes Telegramm urgent telegram (wire);
• gebührenfreies Telegramm deadhead;
• gewöhnliches Telegramm ordinary (deferred) telegram;
• kollationiertes Telegramm repetition-paid telegram;
• langatmiges Telegramm wordy telegram;
• nachgesandtes Telegramm forwarded telegram;
• nachzusendendes Telegramm telegram to follow (to be redirected);
• postlagerndes Telegramm telegram to be called for (addressed poste restante);
• unchiffriertes Telegramm telegram in plain language;
• verglichenes Telegramm collated telegram;
• verschlüsseltes Telegramm cipher (code) telegram (dispatch);
• verstümmeltes Telegramm mutilated telegram;
• vervielfältigtes Telegramm multiple telegram;
• verzögertes Telegramm delayed telegram;
• zugesprochenes Telegramm phonogram;
• telefonisch zugestelltes (zugesprochenes) Telegramm telegram by telephone;
• Telegramm zulasten des Empfängers cash-on-delivery telegram;
• Telegramm mit Empfangsbenachrichtigung telegram with notice of delivery;
• Telegramm im Fernverkehr interurban telegram;
• Telegramm ohne Leitvermerk unrouted telegram;
• Telegramm im Ortsverkehr local telegram;
• Telegramm mit bezahlter Rückantwort reply-paid (prepaid) telegram, wire collect (US);
• Telegramm mit Wiederholung repetition-paid telegram;
• Telegramm abfangen to intercept a telegram;
• Telegramm absenden to telegraph, to wire;
• Telegramm aufgeben to send [off] (deliver, hand in, dispatch, file, US, tender, US) a telegram;
• Telegramm beschleunigt aufgeben to hurry up the dispatch of a telegram;
• Telegramm befördern to dispatch (transmit) a telegram;
• Telegramm chiffrieren to code a telegram;
• Telegramm telefonisch durchsagen to telephone a wire (telegram);
• Telegramm kollationieren to repeat back a telegram;
• Telegramm schicken to [send a] wire;
• Telegramm weiterleiten to transmit (translate) a telegram;
• Telegramm widerrufen to recall (kill) a wire (telegram);
• Telegramm zustellen to deliver a telegram;
• Telegramm adresse, Telegrammanschrift telegraphic (telegram, cable) address;
• Telegrammaufgabe handing in (dispatch of, filing of, US) a telegram;
• Telegrammaustausch exchange of telegrams;
• Telegrammbeförderung transmission of a telegram;
• Telegrammformular telegraph (message) form;
• Telegrammgebühr telegram rate, telegraphic charges, cable expenses;
• Telegrammschalter telegraph office, telegrams counter (Br.);
• Telegrammschlüssel telegraph (cipher, cable) code;
• Telegrammspesen cable expenses;
• Telegrammübermittlung telegraphic (cable) transfer;
• Telegrammübertragung telegraph repeater;
• Telegrammverkehr telegraph service;
• Telegrammverstümmelung multilation of a telegram;
• Telegrammverzögerung drag;
• Telegrammzusteller telegraph boy (Br.) (messenger, US);
• Telegrammzustellung delivery of a telegram. -
18 Jablochkoff, Paul
[br]b. 14 September 1847 Serdobsk, Russiad. April 1894 St Petersburg, Russia[br]Russian military engineer and inventor of an electric "candle", the invention of which gave an immense impetus to electric lighting in the 1870s.[br]Jablochkoff studied at the Military Engineering College in St Petersburg. Having a scientific bent, he was sent to the Military Galvano Technical School. At the end of his military service in 1871 he was appointed Director General of the Moscow-Kursk telegraph lines for the Midi Railway Company. At this time he began to develop an interest in electric lighting, and in 1875 he left the Imperial Telegraph Service to devote his time exclusively to scientific pursuits. He found employment at the workshop of M Bréguet in Paris, where Gramme dynamos and Serrin arc lamps were being constructed. After some experimentation he found a means of producing a carbon arc that regulated itself without any mechanism. This lamp, the Jablochkoff candle, with two carbon rods placed parallel to each other and so close that an arc formed at the ends, could continue to burn until the rods were consumed. Plaster of Paris was used to separate the two electrodes and crumbled away as the carbon burned, thus exposing fresh carbon. These lamps were used in May 1878 in Paris to illuminate the avenue de l'Opéra, and later in Rome and London, and in essence were the first practical electric street lighting. Since there was no regulating mechanism, several candles could be placed in a single circuit. Despite inherent defects, such as the inability to restart the lamps after they were extinguished by wind or interruption of supply, they remained in use for some purposes for several years on account of their simplicity and cheapness. In 1877 Jablochkoff obtained the earliest patent to employ transformers to distribute current in an alternating-current circuit.[br]Bibliography11 September 1876, British patent no. 3,552 (Jablochkoff's candle).22 May 1877, British patent no. 1,996 (transformer or induction coil distribution).Further ReadingW.J.King, 1962, The Development of Electrical Technology in the 19th Century, Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, Paper 30, pp. 393–407 (a detailed account). W.E.Langdon, 1877, "On a new form of electric light", Journal of the Society ofTelegraph Engineers 6:303–19 (an early report on Jablochkoffs system).Engineering (1878) 26:125–7.GW -
19 телеграфная связь
1) Military: recorded communication, recorded communications, telegraphy communication, telegraphy communications2) Engineering: telegraph, telegraph communication, telegraph connection (соединение), telegraph line, telegraphic communication, telegraphic line, telegraphy3) Railway term: telegraph service4) Economy: cable communication5) Telecommunications: letter-printing communication -
20 telegraaf
1 [toestel] telegraph2 [dienst] telegraph service♦voorbeelden:1 per telegraaf • by telegraph/wire
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